A Valveless Amplifier

The quality of reproduction is naturally limited, but it is an interesting project for the beginner who likes making things. The signal to be amplified is fed to a conventional 2000 ohm earphone, with diaphragm removed. A reed carrying a soft iron armature is brought close to the pole piece of the earphone, being adjusted for maximum signal strength by means of the adjusting knob. The crystal set should be tuned to a station, using the earphones in the usual manner. The output is then transferred to the single earpiece and the phones connected as shown to the microphone and battery. The reed is then adjusted for best results